Journal of Agriculture Biotechnology & Applied Sciences
Journal of Agriculture Biotechnology & applied sciences (JABAAS) FREQUENCY: Quarterly Journal Title: Journal of Agriculture Biotechnology & applied sciences (JABAAS) FREQUENCY: Quarterly ISSN: 3048-6599 (Online) Title: Journal of Agriculture Biotechnology & Applied Sciences join us as respected editorial board member Mail your cv editor@jabaas.com ABOUT THE JOURNAL Journal of Agriculture Biotechnology & Applied Sciences (JABAAS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access, quarterly journal that started publishing activity in 2023 encompassing biological sciences in general agriculture and allied & applied biological sciences. (JABAAS) deals with interactions among the components of agricultural systems, biotechnology, and forensic sciences. The journal is headed by a panel of experienced editors who are experts in the field of different areas of biological sciences. Manuscripts submitted to JABAAS generally cover biological sciences in general. Open access journal ISSN 3048-6599 (Online) Publication Charges Publication Charges for Original Research Articles, Review Articles, Systematic Reviews/Meta-analysis, Short Research Articles, and Case Reports are Rs. 6,000/- for Indian Authors and USD 100.00 for foreign Authors. There are no submission and editorial processing charges. A ten percent discount on publication fees is provided to corresponding authors from low-income countries as per the world bank data. The author needs to send a request letter for a discount with appropriate details. The publisher reserves the right to change publication charges or any other charges at any time without prior notice. In case of any questions or query, please feel free to contact us on admin@jabaas.com The charges are to be paid only after acceptance of the article. Authors will be notified for the payment of publication charges on acceptance of the article. Publisher: INSTITUTE OF TRANSGEN LIFE SCIENCES, 103, BRINDABAN VIHAR, KALYANPUR BAHADURPUR, UNITY CITY CHAURAHA, LUCKNOW 226022 Registered society under UP Govt act 21, 1860, registration no is 3041-2008-2009 admin@itlspublisher.co.in admin@jabaas.com itlsacademy@gmail.com Indexing ISSN UGC CARE (Applied) Web of Science Under consideration NAAS submitted in association with FS University CHIEF-EDITOR Prof. S. M. BHATT IIMT University's Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY AND Biosciences's drsmbhatt@gmail.com editor@jabaas.com or apply for subscription
INSTITUTE OF TRANSGEN LIFE SCIENCES, 103, BRINDABAN VIHAR, KALYANPUR BAHADURPUR, UNITY CITY CHAURAHA, LUCKNOW 226022 Registered society under UP Govt act 21, 1860, registration no is 3041-2008-2009
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The MICROBIAL SEED COATING USING PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS TO ENHANCE SHELF LIFE OF OILSEEDS
Fungal contamination is a major factor affecting the quality and storage life of oilseeds, particularly soybean, resulting in reduced germination, poor seed health, and economic losses. Although chemical pesticides are widely used for control, their long-term use raises concerns related to environmental safety and human health. Hence, the development of sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives has become essential. This study investigates the potential of Pseudomonas fluorescens as a biological seed coating agent to enhance the shelf life and quality of soybean seeds. The bacterium exhibits strong antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens through the production of antimicrobial compounds, siderophores, and lytic enzymes. It also promotes plant defense by inducing systemic resistance, thereby increasing the ability of plants to withstand infections. Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens helps in reducing fungal load, improving germination percentage, and enhancing seedling vigor. In addition, treated seeds show better resistance to storage fungi such as Aspergillus and Fusarium, leading to improved storability and quality. The findings of this study highlight the effectiveness of microbial seed coating as a sustainable approach for managing seed-borne pathogens and reducing post-harvest losses. This method offers a promising alternative to chemical treatments and supports the adoption of eco-friendly practices in agriculture.
Seed coating, Biopesticide, Pseudomonas ﬂ uorescens,
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Toxicological hair analysis using different techniques: A comparative review
Hair drug analysis is known to be an advanced toxicological method, used for retrospective examination of substance use over extended periods. This study aims to discuss the drug incorporation mechanisms and impact of pre-analytical processes such as segmentation, decontamination, and extraction. Additionally, this study has evaluated important analytical techniques like GC-MS and LC-MS- highlighting superiority of LC-MS for low-dose and thermolabile compounds. The result of the study has emphasized the importance of proper methodology and interpretation expertise in differentiating active use from passive exposure. With the non-invasive nature and broad detection window, hair analysis holds significant clinical and forensic value. Future directions include the formulation and implementation of standardization protocols, utilization of high-resolution mass spectrometry, and integration of data-driven models for the improvement in accuracy and legal defensibility.
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PLANT ENDOPHYTES: A NATURAL SOLUTION FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND CROP PROTECTION
Endophytes are microorganisms that live within plant tissues without causing harm and play a crucial role in enhancing plant health and agricultural productivity. These beneficial microbes include bacterial genera such as Bacillus and Pseudomonas, as well as fungal species like Trichoderma and Fusarium. They establish symbiotic relationships with their host plants, contributing to plant growth through the production of phytohormones, aiding in nutrient solubilization, and improving resistance against both biotic and abiotic stresses. Endophytes have the ability to suppress pathogens, enhance drought and salinity tolerance, and mitigate oxidative stress, making them valuable in sustainable agriculture. Additionally, they produce a variety of secondary metabolites that possess antimicrobial properties and boost plant defense, offering potential alternatives to chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Despite their promising applications, there are challenges such as difficulties in isolation, variability in performance in the field and regulatory concerns that must be addressed for their widespread use. However, advances in biotechnology, including genetic engineering and omics technologies, are paving the way for improved applications of endophytes in agriculture. This review explores the diversity, mechanisms, and potential of endophytes in crop production, highlighting their role in promoting sustainable and eco-friendly farming practices.
plant-microbe interactions, sustainable agriculture, plant growth promo- tion, biocontrol, biofertilizers, biopesticides, abiotic stress tolerance, secondary metabolites, crop productivity.
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The Economical Cellulase Production under Optimized condition in Batch condition using Water Hyacinth (WH) Waste
Currently research attempted for enhanced cellulase production using Water hyacinth waste. We found that . Trichoderma reesei selected with WH for cellulase production. Optimization the effective conditions for production of CMCase temp-40 ⁰C, pH-5, tween80 3%, WH7.5%, nitrogen source 1% as peptone, incubation time 7days, inoculum 5% at rotation 100 rpm for FPase production only two condition was difference inoculum was higher (10%) and rotation speed was 150 rpm. Production of cellulase for CMCase was 52% more increase activity observed after media optimization and similar for FPase was 84% increase activity observed after media optimization.
The Recent Applications of Remote sensing in Agriculture-A Review
Remote sensing is becoming a crucial technology in current agricultural practices, with several uses and benefits for farmers, researchers and policymakers. Crop monitoring and management are the principal applications of remote sensing in agriculture. Remote sensing allows for the rapid and precise diagnosis of crop health, growth and yield estimation by evaluating data received from satellites or airborne platforms. This data assists farmers in optimising irrigation, fertilization, pest and disease control measures, resulting in better resource allocation, enhanced productivity and lower environmental consequences. The identification and mapping of crop diseases and pests is a key application. Remote sensing may detect minute differences in plant physiology, such as chlorophyll content changes, which may signal the presence of diseases or pest infestations. Initial identification allows for focused treatments such as precision pesticide application, disease avoidance and crop loss reduction. Precision agriculture relies heavily on remote sensing. Farmers may produce precise field maps that delineate differences in soil qualities, nutrient levels, and moisture content by integrating satellite photography, GPS navigation systems and computer algorithms. This data enables site-specific management, allowing farmers to deploy resources precisely where they are required, optimising inputs, lowering costs and minimising environmental consequences. Remote sensing makes land-use planning and monitoring easier. It can assist in identifying potential agricultural sites, assessing land degradation and tracking changes in land cover and land use trends over time. Policymakers can use this data to make informed decisions about land management, sustainable agriculture practices and conservation activities. It helps with agricultural water resource management. It is feasible to monitor water availability, assess irrigation demands and identify locations vulnerable to drought or water stress by studying satellite data. This information allows for more efficient water distribution, reducing water waste and improving water-use efficiency in agricultural activities. Remote sensing has numerous uses in agriculture, revolutionizing old farming practices. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, precision agriculture, remote sensing, satellites, spectral reflectance, sustainability
Copyright (c) 2023 JABAAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Recent trend in Bio-fortified wheat production-A review
The daily dietary recommendation is different for both men and women; women’s require 8 mg/day of zinc, while men require 11 mg/day. Daily meals do not have these micronutrients in the diet; therefore, they should be supplied from outside sources. Therefore, biofortified wheat is the best option, where more than 2 million people are suffering from malnutrition (FAO, 2016). There are various products of cereals, such as flour from cereals, which is used for making bread & other products for breakfast cereals, such as pasta, snack foods, dry mixes, cakes, pastries, and tortillas. If more bio-fortified cereals can be grown it could enhance the nutritional value of the food as well as sales. Some of the major players in the Indian breakfast cereals market are Kellogg Co., Nestle, PepsiCo, Bagrry's India Ltd and Marico. Kellogg’s Froot Loops, Kellogg’s rasin bran, Quaker, Wheaties, Nestle fitness and private brands using such products. As per WHO recommendations, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has made it a policy for a wide food fortification program now. Common staple foods such as wheat flour, rice, edible oil, and milk have been selected as food vehicles for different micronutrient fortifications.
The Blood Stain Pattern Analysis: A Comprehensive Review of Methods, Reliability of Computerized Analysis, and Future Advancements
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (BPA) stands as a precious tool in the crime scene investigation and reconstruction, providing invaluable insights into the circumstances surrounding bloodshed. This comprehensive review delves into the profound significance of BPA, charting its evolution over time while spotlighting recent breakthroughs and identifying potential areas for further research and development, especially within the domain of digital technology. The fundamental essence of BPA lies in meticulously analyzing the form and dispersion patterns of bloodstains found at crime scenes., which aids investigators in comprehending the deposition of blood on evidence and shedding light on the movements and positions of the individuals and objects involved during the incident. Notably, BPA facilitates differentiating between accidents, homicides, and suicides, as well as identifying bloodstains left by criminals, thus playing a crucial role in ascertaining the circumstances surrounding an incident. Elements like blood velocity and the nature of the impacted surface significantly influence the size and shape of bloodstains, imparting crucial clues for an accurate crime scene reconstruction.A noteworthy application of BPA is in impact spatter analysis on hands, which holds importance for forensic ballistic examiner to recognize the firearm. Studies are discussed, related to sophisticated image processing and computerized techniques for BPA to scrutinize their reliability and accuracy. Cutting-edge advances have been witnessed in the field, including the application of Raman spectroscopy, automated methodologies, and the utilization of software programs like the FARO Scene program. These advancements have substantially elevated the efficacy and capabilities of BPA, empowering forensic investigators with enhanced analytical tools. Despite the remarkable strides made in blood spatter pattern analysis, the review underscores the abundant potential for continued research and development. In particular, refinements in methods for dating dried blood pattern and the evolution of automated techniques for crime scene reconstruction are prime avenues worthy of exploration.
Abstract Current article focus over review of biopastic such as PHA, PLA from lactic acid. However microbial production is more safer and can save money time and labor wih maximum purity. Keywords: PHA, LACTIC ACID,
The WHEAT MARKER FOR BETTER YIELD AND HEAT STRESS TOLERANCE: A REVIEW
Background Wheat is a staple crop that plays a critical role in global food security, making its yield and resilience to environmental stressors essential for sustaining the growing human population. Improving wheat yield and heat stress tolerance is crucial in the face of climate change, which poses significant challenges to agricultural productivity and food supply. Previous research has identified various genetic markers associated with wheat yield and stress tolerance, but their effectiveness under varying climatic conditions remains inconsistent. Research Method A combination of Literature survey at Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scispace etc to retrieve the data about wheat markers in improving yield and heat stress tolerance. Literature Review A comprehensive review of existing literature on wheat genetics and climate resilience was conducted to inform the research framework. Data Collection Data on wheat yield, heat stress tolerance, and related agronomic traits were collected through on line published article NCBI Google scholar,
The Chemical Contamination in Agriculture: The Lasting Ecological and Health Effects of Pesticides
Pesticides are the natural or chemically synthesized compounds used in farming practices to protect crops from pests, weeds, and other insects. The increased use of pesticides in today’s agricultural practices poses serious risks to environmental ecosystems and has increased the negative health effects on humans. Pesticides endanger higher trophic levels and result in adverse health conditions such as cancer, acute and chronic poisoning, neurological disorders, and endocrine disruption by building up in the food chain. Industrial pesticides cause soil and air pollution and put the survival of various birds, insects, and other aquatic organisms in danger by reducing their food supplies, species diversity, and impairing reproduction resulting in the population decline of animals and plants. This emphasizes the importance of striking a balance between environmental and health sustainability and agricultural productivity. This review critically examines the adverse effects of chemical pesticides on water, plants, natural systems, and human health.
The Ecological footprints of Pesticides in Agriculture: Environmental and Health impacts
Pesticides are vital in modern agriculture because they help prevent pests and diseases. However, ecological impacts fall in the wake of pesticide use, causing damage to ecosystems, biodiversity, and environmental health. This ecological footprint includes damage from both the production, application, and degradation of pesticides, such as soil and water contamination, killing of non-targeted species, and long-term disturbance of the ecosystem. The knowledge of these impacts helps in the development of sustainable agriculture practices aimed at reducing ecological harm while also ensuring productivity. The key ecological impacts include pollinator disruption, water contamination, and reduction of soil health. Remediation strategies like Integrated Pest Management (IPM), organic farming, and biocontrol are necessary in mitigating these effects. Reducing pesticide use through efficient techniques and alternative pest control measures can significantly lessen agriculture's ecological footprint and benefit environmental and human health. This paper focuses on addressing pesticide-related ecological consequences and current mitigation efforts.
, Environment, Health, Integrated Pest Management, Pesticide
The Unsupervised Classification of Land Use Land Cover using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques for Vadodara district of Gujarat
Land Use Land Cover (LULC) transformations caused by urbanization and other factors have significant environmental implications, making their accurate assessment essential for sustainable planning and management. This study examines the LULC dynamics of Vadodara district, Gujarat, using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techniques. Landsat-8 imagery processed in ArcGIS was analyzed using an unsupervised classification method to identify four LULC categories: water bodies, crop cover, barren land, and built-up areas. Vadodara, as a rapidly expanding economic hub, has experienced notable shifts in land use patterns, including changes in agricultural areas, water bodies, urban land, and barren land. These transformations reflect the district's developmental pressures and their resultant environmental challenges. RS and GIS tools were employed to create thematic maps and analyze LULC changes over time, providing critical insights into spatio-temporal dynamics and facilitating informed decision-making. The results reveal that water bodies cover 5.25% (213 km²), crop cover 33.61% (1362 km²), barren land 35.43% (1032 km²), and built-up areas 25.46% (1446 km²) of the district's total area. The findings underscore significant LULC transitions over recent decades, driven by urbanization and economic activities. RS and GIS technologies proved indispensable in detecting past trends, analyzing current conditions, and forecasting future LULC scenarios. These tools not only enhance the accuracy and efficiency of LULC assessments but also play a crucial role in addressing environmental concerns and supporting sustainable land management practices.
The BIOGAS PRODUCTION IN INDIAN SCENARIO
Cheap, clean, renewable, naturally occurring, and underutilized as an energy source is biogas. It ignites between 650°C and 750°C in temperature range and weights 20 per cent less than air. It burns as a colorless, odorless gas with a blue glow. It typically burns with 60 per cent efficiency in a regular biogas burner and has a caloric value of 20 MJ/m3. India's vast population means that it has a high energy requirement. Even though India produces less energy than is needed, up to now, forest resources have been used to meet this demand. Furthermore, this demand is increasing at a 4.6 per cent annual rate due to the worldwide shortage of fossil fuel supplies. Biomass seems to be the most viable energy source, despite government exploration of energy production and sources, energy supply security, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission reduction. To begin with, biomass is a sustainable energy source. Secondly, using anaerobic digestion to convert biomass to bioenergy, such as biogas. Keywords- Biogas, Methane, Anaerobic digestion, Hydrolysis
Copyright (c) 2024 JABAAS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The DNA MODIFYING ENZYMES USED IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
With the widespread adoption of molecular cloning as a routine laboratory technique, there is now a vast array of enzyme sources available from manufacturers for the generation and manipulation of nucleic acids. However, for those new to the field, the task of selecting the most suitable enzyme for a specific task can be daunting. This review aims to provide readers with valuable insights into the function and specificities of various sources of polymerases, ligases, nucleases, phosphatases, methylases, and topoisomerases commonly used in molecular cloning. We offer a comprehensive description of the most frequently utilized enzymes within each group, along with an explanation of their properties and mechanisms of action. By highlighting the key requirements for each enzymatic activity and addressing their limitations, our objective is to assist readers in making informed decisions when selecting the appropriate enzymatic source and determining the optimal experimental conditions for their molecular cloning experiments.
The Role of the Himachal Pradesh Horticulture Development Project to support small farmers and agro-entrepreneurs in Himachal Pradesh
The Purpose of the Himachal Pradesh Horticulture Development Project for India is to support small farmers and agro-entrepreneurs in Himachal Pradesh, to increase the productivity, quality, and market access of selected horticulture commodities. This project consists of four major components. 1) Production and Diversification which aims to enhance horticultural competitiveness at the farm level by supporting access to knowledge, technology, and finance to increase long-term productivity and farm incomes in an environment marked by changing market patterns and increased climate variability.2) Value Addition and Agro-enterprise Development which aims to improve value realization at the farm level, promote investments in agribusiness, foster backward and forward linkages in the value chains for horticulture products, support supply chain infrastructure that prevents wastage and value erosion; and enable secondary and tertiary processing that create higher value for the produce. 3) Market Development aims to provide an improved platform for market-related information and intelligence, expand market access through alternative marketing channels, enhance transparency in the price discovery process, and improve market infrastructure. 4) Project Management, Monitoring, and Learning will ensure the effective implementation of the project activities and monitor and evaluate project implementation progress, outputs, and outcomes, building on implementation experience.
Horticulture, small farmer, agro-entrepreneurs, Market Development
The COALITION OF AGRICULTURE IN AMBIANCE AMENDMENT
Climate change is a pressing global issue that is affecting various sectors, and agriculture is no exception. The impact of climate change on agriculture is wide-ranging and poses significant challenges to food security, livelihoods, and the overall sustainability of agricultural practices. In this essay, we will explore the various ways climate change affects agriculture and the measures that can be taken to mitigate its adverse effects. One of the most significant impacts of climate change on agriculture is the alteration of weather patterns. Extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, heat waves, and hurricanes have become more frequent and intense. These events can damage crops, destroy infrastructure, and disrupt supply chains, leading to food shortages and price fluctuations. Moreover, unpredictable weather patterns make it difficult for farmers to plan their planting and harvesting schedules, affecting crop yields and productivity. Rising temperatures are another major consequence of climate change that affects agriculture. Higher temperatures can lead to the depletion of soil moisture, increased evaporation, and heat stress on plants and livestock. Many crops have specific temperature requirements for optimal growth, and exceeding these thresholds can lead to reduced yields and lower crop quality.
Remote sensing is becoming a crucial technology in current agricultural practices, with several uses and benefits for farmers, researchers, and policymakers. Crop monitoring and management are the principal applications of remote sensing in agriculture. Remote sensing allows for the rapid and precise diagnosis of crop health, growth and yield estimation by evaluating data received from satellites or airborne platforms. This data assists farmers in optimising irrigation, fertilization, pest and disease control measures, resulting in better resource allocation, enhanced productivity and lower environmental consequences. The identification and mapping of crop diseases and pests is a key application. Remote sensing may detect minute differences in plant physiology, such as chlorophyll content changes, which may signal the presence of diseases or pest infestations. Initial identification allows for focused treatments such as precision pesticide application, disease avoidance and crop loss reduction. Precision agriculture relies heavily on remote sensing. Farmers may produce precise field maps that delineate differences in soil qualities, nutrient levels, and moisture content by integrating satellite photography, GPS navigation systems and computer algorithms. This data enables site-specific management, allowing farmers to deploy resources precisely where they are required, optimising inputs, lowering costs and minimising environmental consequences. Remote sensing makes land-use planning and monitoring easier. It can assist in identifying potential agricultural sites, assessing land degradation and tracking changes in land cover and land use trends over time. Policymakers can use this data to make informed decisions about land management, sustainable agriculture practices and conservation activities. It helps with agricultural water resource management. It is feasible to monitor water availability, assess irrigation demands and identify locations vulnerable to drought or water stress by studying satellite data. This information allows for more efficient water distribution, reducing water waste and improving water-use efficiency in agricultural activities. Remote sensing has numerous uses in agriculture, revolutionizing old farming practices. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, precision agriculture, Remote sensing, Satellites, Spectral reflectance, Sustainability
Artificial intelligence, precision agriculture, Remote sensing, Satellites, Spectral reflectance, Sustainability
These increasing amounts of food waste produced annually by the increasing global population have been blamed on issues of environmental degradation and the resultant depletion of resources. The science world is rising to the challenge by working on sustainable methods of optimizing traditional food waste management techniques. The presence of nutrients in agricultural and food processing by-products has made them promising substrates for bioconversion into precious bioproducts such as industrial enzymes, biofuels, and bioactive compounds.
Bio-GAS, Kitchen waste, Bio circular economy